Soluciones alimentarias resilientes para evitar la hambruna masiva durante un invierno nuclear en Argentina
DOI: https://doi.org/10.55467/reder.v8i2.164
Resumen
Una guerra nuclear, una erupción volcánica, o el impacto de un asteroide o cometa pueden reducir la cantidad de luz solar que alcanza la superficie terrestre, de la que depende el sistema alimentario global. Los rendimientos agrícolas caerían debido a la disminución de temperaturas y precipitaciones, lo que se define como un Escenario de Reducción Abrupta de la Luz Solar (ERALS). Argentina podría tener un papel clave en caso de que esto ocurriese. Aquí se se modelizan las intervenciones que permitirían prevenir la hambruna en Argentina e incluso en toda América Latina, incluyendo: redirección de alimentos usados como materias primas en la ganadería y producción de biocombustibles, racionamiento, relocalización de cultivos, despliegue de invernaderos simples y cultivo de algas, entre otras. Si no se implementasen adaptaciones adecuadas, la producción bruta podría caer al 30% del nivel actual, resultando insuficiente para la población Argentina. Afortunadamente, los resultados indican que incluso en un escenario de 150 Tg, las adaptaciones permitirían aumentar la producción neta desde una situación de hambruna nacional (1500 kcal/día/persona) hasta una producción equivalente a entre 3 y 6 veces la cantidad necesaria para la población Argentina (7800 - 14000 kcal/día/persona).
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